Customizing z/OS UNIX sendmail
When the email protocol is selected in a printer definition, IP PrintWay™ uses z/OS UNIX sendmail to prepare and send
emails to the recipients listed in the printer definition. Sendmail
is a mail transfer agent provided with z/OS Communications Server
that provides enhanced SMTP support.
If you have not already customized z/OS® UNIX sendmail, you must do so before
IP PrintWay can send output
to email destinations. For information about how to customize sendmail,
see:
- z/OS Communications Server: IP Configuration Guide describes
how to customize sendmail and the other components of z/OS Communications Server that
sendmail requires.
- The industry-accepted publication Sendmail,
published by O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. (ISBN 1–56592–222–0),
describes the sendmail configuration file (sendmail.cf),
how to set up sendmail aliases files, how to ensure security, and
how to debug problems with your sendmail configuration.
- The Sendmail Consortium website at http://www.sendmail.org.
Guidelines: Follow these guidelines when
you customize sendmail:
- Sendmail
highly depends on the domain name server (DNS). Therefore, be sure
to set up this component correctly.
- Customize the Timeout option in the sendmail
configuration file to suit your installation. The Timeout option specifies
how long sendmail waits before sending a warning that email could
not be delivered to a remote system and how long sendmail waits before
bouncing email. Bounced email is undeliverable email.
- To use sendmail aliases or to receive messages from sendmail about
bounced emails, start sendmail as a daemon. The sendmail -bd option
starts sendmail as a daemon, and the -q option
specifies how often sendmail is to look in its queue to process pending
mail.
Example:
su
/usr/sbin/sendmail -bd -q1m &
exit
The su command switches to an effective
UID of 0. To use su, you must be permitted to
the BPX.SUPERUSER profile in the FACILITY class in RACF®.
Tip: To start sendmail automatically
when the z/OS system is initialized, specify the sendmail command
in the /etc/rc file.
- In
the sendmail aliases file, you can create alias names to represent
a list of real email addresses. When you create an alias, you should
specify the user ID that owns the list in the owner-alias statement. The user ID that owns the
list receives notification about bounced emails. If you do not specify
the user ID that owns the alias name, sendmail sends notification
of bounced emails to the user ID assigned to the IP PrintWay startup procedure (basic
mode) or to the user ID who started the Infoprint Server daemons (extended
mode).
- Configure the z/OS system
so that a firewall does not prevent users from sending emails. Also
if you want to receive replies from emails or sendmail notifications
about undeliverable emails, configure your z/OS system so that
it can receive emails from outside the firewall.
- If you do not install the sendmail command
in the default directory, /bin, specify the
full path name of the sendmail command in one
of these ways:
- If you run IP PrintWay extended mode and dynamic configuration
is enabled, specify the mailer-path-name attribute
in the system configuration definition.
- If you run IP PrintWay extended mode and dynamic configuration
is not enabled, specify the AOPMAILER environment variable in the aopstart EXEC.
- If you run IP PrintWay basic
mode, specify the AOPMAILER environment variable in the IP PrintWay startup procedure.
- If
you need to specify sendmail command options,
specify the options in one of these ways:
- If you run IP PrintWay extended mode and dynamic configuration
is enabled, specify the mailer-options attribute
in the system configuration definition.
- If you run IP PrintWay extended mode and dynamic configuration
is not enabled, specify the AOPMAILER_OPTIONS environment variable
in the aopstart EXEC.
- If you run IP PrintWay basic
mode, specify the AOPMAILER_OPTIONS environment variable in the IP PrintWay startup procedure.
IP PrintWay specifies
the options that you specify in addition to the -i option
when it sends emails.
Tip: To verify that you have configured sendmail
correctly, run the sendmail command directly
from the z/OS UNIX command line. The sendmail command
is described in z/OS Communications Server: IP User’s Guide and Commands.
Some tests that you can do are:
- Send a file to a local user: Run this command
to send file myfile to yourself:
sendmail youruserID <myfile
Result: The
email should be delivered to you and you should receive no error messages
from sendmail. To view the mail sent to your user ID, run the z/OS UNIX mail command:
mail
- Send a file to a remote address: To verify
that firewalls do not prevent sending emails, send a file to a remote
user on a domain that is not in your installation:
sendmail username@domain <myfile
Result: The email should be delivered to the remote
address and you should receive no error messages from sendmail.
- Send a file to an alias name: To verify
that the sendmail aliases file is configured correctly, send a file
to a sendmail alias name:
- To edit the aliases file, use the su command
to switch to an effective UID of 0. Then edit the file using your
favorite editor and save your changes:
su
oedit /etc/mail/aliases
To use the su command,
you must be permitted to the BPX.SUPERUSER profile in the FACILITY
class in RACF.
_______________________________________________________
- To create alias testlist, type these lines in the sendmail
aliases file, /etc/mail/aliases:
testlist: youruserID
owner-testlist: youruserID
_______________________________________________________
- Run the sendmail newaliases command to update
the sendmail aliases file:
/usr/sbin/newaliases
_______________________________________________________
- If you switched to an effective UID of 0 in step 1, switch back
to your own UID:
exit
_______________________________________________________
- Run the sendmail command to send file myfile to
alias name testlist:
sendmail testlist <myfile
_______________________________________________________
Result: The email should be delivered to
you and you should receive no error messages from sendmail.
_______________________________________________________
Related information: For
information about:
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z/OS Infoprint Server Customization
Copyright IBM Corporation 1990, 2014