A
access control
In computer security, the process of ensuring that users
can access only those resources of a computer system for which they
are authorized.
aggregation
The structured collection of data objects for subsequent
presentation within a portal.
Ajax
A design approach and a set of techniques for delivering
rich Internet applications (RIAs) using open web formats, for example,
HTML, CSS and JavaScript; and rendering using a browser engine.
Ajax portlet
A normal server side portlet that uses lots of JavaScript
and Ajax technologies and less Java and Java server pages.
anonymous user
A user who does not use a valid user ID and password to
log into a site.
applet
A program that performs a specific task and is usually portable
between operating systems. Often written in Java, applets can be downloaded
from the Internet and run in a web browser.
application server
A server program in a distributed network that provides
the execution environment for an application program.
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
authenticated user
A portal user who has logged in to the portal with a valid
account (user ID and password). Authenticated users have access to
all public places.
authentication
A security service that provides proof that a user of a
computer system is genuinely who that person claims to be. Common
mechanisms for implementing this service are passwords and digital
signatures. Authentication is distinct from authorization; authentication
is not concerned with granting or denying access to system resources.
authorization
The process of granting a user, system, or process either
complete or restricted access to an object, resource, or function.
C
CA
card
WML document that provides user-interface and navigational
settings to display content on mobile devices.
cascading style sheet (CSS)
A file that defines a hierarchical set of style rules for
controlling the rendering of HTML or XML files in browsers, viewers,
or in print.
certificate authority (CA)
A trusted third-party organization or company that issues
the digital certificates. The certificate authority typically verifies
the identity of the individuals who are granted the unique certificate.
client side aggregation (CSA)
Aggregation based on JavaScript and XSLT transformations
that are executed on the client.
cloud application
An application that is extended to be accessible through
the Internet. Cloud applications use large data centers and powerful
servers that host web applications and web services.
cloud computing
A computing platform where users can have access to applications
or compute resources, as services, from anywhere through their connected
devices. A simplified user interface and application programming interface
(API) makes the infrastructure supporting such services transparent
to users.
collaboration
The ability to connect customers, employees, or business
partners to the people and processes in a business or organization,
in order to facilitate improved decision-making. Collaboration involves
two or more individuals with complementary skills interacting together
to resolve a business problem.
collaborative components
UI-neutral API methods and tag libraries that allow developers
to add IBM Lotus collaborative functionality to their portlets.
collaborative filtering
Personalization technology that calculates the similarity
between users based on the behaviors of a number of other people and
uses that information to make recommendations for the current user.
collaborative portal
A highly personalized desktop-to-web tool designed for specific
audiences and communities of users that organizes information, applications,
and services for effective community building at the corporate level
and for personal use by individuals.
concrete portlet
A logical representation of a portlet object distinguished
by a unique configuration parameter (PortletSettings).
confirmable methods
Interface methods that exist on each modifiable interface
of a portal resource that allow users to determine whether a modification
can be performed or not.
connector
A servlet that provides a portlet access to external sources
of content, for example, a news feed from a website of a local television
station.
consumer portal
A portal that uses the portlets that a producer portal provides.
content item
Web page content stored in the form of elements, equivalent
to a web page in a traditional website. The look and feel of a content
item when displayed in a website will depend on what authoring template
is used to create the content item and what presentation template
is used to display the content.
content management
Software designed to help businesses manage and distribute
content from diverse sources.
content partner
content provider
A source for content that can be incorporated into a portal
page as a portlet.
controller
A modifiable instance of a portal model which allows to
modify the topology of the model, create and delete resources, and
create modifiable instances of existing resources.
cooperative portlets
Two or more portlets on the same web page that interact
by sharing information.
creation context
A context that defines immutable properties of a resource
that you can create
CSS
M
mandatory place
A shared place, either a public place or a restricted place,
in which all portal users must be members. Only portal administrators
can designate a shared place to be a mandatory place. Because membership
is automatic and required, portal users cannot join or leave mandatory
places.
membership
The state of being a portal user and a place member. Membership
in the portal is controlled by the administrator during the installation
and set up of portal servers. Membership in places is controlled by
a place manager, who determines the level of access for each place
member: participant, place designer, or place manager.
mashup
A graphical interface that features two or more reusable
web applications (widgets) presenting seemingly disparate data in
an understandable combination for a specific purpose.
meta search
A search across one or more search engines. A meta search
engine provides a meaningful subset of search functionality through
an abstraction layer that is generic enough to support a wide variety
of search services.
messaging
A method for communication between programs. Messaging can
be synchronous or independent of time.
middleware
Software that acts as an intermediate layer between applications
or between client and server. It is used most often to support complex,
distributed applications in heterogeneous environments.
model view controller (MVC)
A software architecture that separates the components of
the application: the model represents the business logic or data;
the view represents the user interface; and the controller manages
user input or, in some cases, the application flow.
modifiable
An interface for modifying portal resources that exist in
the read only model.
MVC
P
page
A node in a portal that can contain content in addition
to labels and other pages. Pages can contain child nodes, column containers,
row containers, and portlets.
participant
A member of a portal place who can visit and use the place.
By default, all portal users are participants in public places.
people awareness
The collaboration feature that provides access to people
from various contexts. People awareness lets you see references to
people and contact people by name through the Sametime® online status indicator.
Throughout the portal, wherever you see the name of a person, you
can view the person's online status, send email, initiate a chat,
or share an application via an electronic meeting.
people finder
A portlet that enables users to find, view information about,
and contact individuals in their organization. Administrators can
configure people finder to display information details such as email
address, job title, and location.
person
An individual authenticated by the portal and having a person
record in one or more corporate directories. Persons can be members
of places, public groups within the organization's corporate directory,
or personal groups that a user defines.
person card
An interface that displays information about a registered
user such as phone number and online status (if Sametime is enabled), and
additional details typically found on a business card. Available actions
let you view the person's complete profile and, depending on
how the portal is configured, send email, chat, and link to Lotus
Connections features such as Communities, Activities, and Blogs.
person link
A reference to a person's name or a group name that appears
with the Sametime online
status indicator. The reference lets you view the person's online
status, send an email, start a chat, or share an application using
an electronic meeting, among other actions shown on the person link
menu.
personal group
In Sametime Connect,
a group of people designated by the user as a group. A user can choose
individuals from the public Directory (public group) and create personal
groups, which are then stored locally. Users can add and remove people
from a personal group, whereas the membership of the public group
is defined by the owner of the public Directory.
personalization
The process of enabling information to be targeted to specific
users based on business rules and user profile information.
pervasive computing
The use of a computing infrastructure that supports information
appliances from which users can access a broad range of network-based
services, including Internet-based e-commerce services.
place designer
A member of a place who can edit place layout and bookmarks.
place manager
A member of a place who can edit place membership, layout,
and bookmarks.
place member
A individual or group who has joined or been granted access
to a place. Place members have three levels of access to a place:
manager, designer, and participant.
place template
A format for use in creating a place. The portal provides
a set of default templates for creating various types of places. Portal
administrators may allow users to create, modify, and delete new templates.
policy
A set of rules and actions that are required to be performed
when certain events or status conditions occur in an environment.
Policies are implemented using the IPL.
port
An end point for communication between applications, generally
referring to a logical connection. A port provides queues for sending
and receiving data. Each port has a port number for identification.
port type
An element in a Web Services Description Language (WSDL)
document that comprises a set of abstract operations, each of which
refers to input and output messages that are supported by the web
service.
portal
A single, secure point of access to diverse information,
applications, and people that can be customized and personalized.
portal administration
The place where portal administrators set and maintain basic
collaboration permissions, place records, place membership records,
and server settings for companion products for advanced collaboration.
portal artifacts
Stored in the portal file system. All deliverables of software
development are usually artifacts (otherwise referred to as software
components).
portal configuration
The Portal Configuration is stored in the portal configuration
database. It consists of configuration entities. Each portal resource
is represented by one portal configuration entity in the portal database.
portal extension artifacts
Artifacts that belong to components that are installed together
with the portal but are not core portal components.
portal farm
A series of identically configured, stand-alone portal server
instances that offer a way to maintain a highly scalable and highly
available server environment.
portal member
An individual or group who has a user record in the portal
directory (LDAP or other directory) and can log in to the portal.
portal solution release
The solution that is developed by the customer and is based
on WebSphere Portal. The solution consists of portal configurations,
portal artifacts, and portal extension artifacts and is shared between
multiple users.
portal theme
The style element that gives a place a particular look.
The portal provides several themes, similar to virtual wallpaper,
which can be chosen when creating a place.
portlet
A reusable web module that runs on a portal server. Portlets
have predefined roles such as retrieving news headlines, searching
a database, or displaying a calendar.
portlet API
The set of interfaces and methods that are used by Java
programs running within the portal server environment to obtain services.
portlet application
A collection of related portlets that can share resources
with one another.
portlet container
A column or row that is used to arrange the layout of a
portlet or other container on a page.
portlet control
A portlet registry setting that renders the outer frame
for a portlet.
portlet framework
The set of classes and interfaces that support Java programs
running within the portal server environment.
portlet palette
A web module that enables users to browse available portlets
organized by category, search for individual portlets, and add them
to a portal page by dragging to the desired location.
pre-rendered site
A complete website saved to disk in HTML that can be used
as a live site and displayed to users using either Web Content Manager
or a web server.
presentation template
A template that determines the structure of each web page
in the site and which elements and components are displayed on each
page. HTML defines the default properties and layout of the template.
producer definition
A set of interfaces that are defined for the producer portal.
The producer definition can include the producer service description,
the producer portal URL, and the security setup.
producer portal
A portal that provides portlets as a service so that other
portals, called consumer portals, can use the portlets and make the
portlets available to their users.
property extension database
A database that is used to store additional attributes that
cannot be stored in the LDAP user registry.
provisioning
The process of setting up and maintaining a user's access
to a system.
PSTN
public group
A group of individuals, known to all portal users, that
the administrator has created or that exists in the organization's
corporate directory. Only administrators can modify and manage public
groups.
public place
A shared place that is open to all portal users. The person
who creates the place (and who automatically becomes the place manager)
designates it as a public place during place creation.
public switched telephone network (PSTN)
A communications common carrier network that provides voice
and data communications services over switched lines.
pure server side portlet
A normal server side portlet that uses Java and Java server
pages, but usually uses no JavaScript.
S
search center
A portlet that enables site users to search for keywords.
search collections
A searchable collection of documents that can span multiple
content sources.
search service
A service that is used to define the configuration parameters
for a search collection. A search service can be local, remote, inside
the product, or outside the product.
SecureWay Directory
An LDAP directory that can store user-related data, such
as the user ID, the user name, and passwords.
security
The protection of data, system operations, and devices from
accidental or intentional ruin, damage, or exposure.
security manager
A component that is responsible for authenticating user
logins.
server side aggregation (SSA)
Aggregation based on Java server pages that are executed
on the Server.
service
In service-oriented architecture, a unit of work accomplished
by an interaction between computing devices.
service description
The description of a web service, which can be defined in
any format such as WSDL, UDDI, or HTML.
service provider
A company or program that provides a business function as
a service.
service requester
The application that initiates an interaction with a web
service. The service requestor binds to the service using the published
information and calls the service.
service-oriented architecture (SOA)
A conceptual description of the structure of a software
system in terms of its components and the services they provide, without
regard for the underlying implementation of these components, services
and connections between components.
session bean
An enterprise bean that is created by a client and that
usually exists only for the duration of a single client/server session.
(Sun)
shared place
A place created for a community of people with a common
purpose. Shared places can be public or restricted. The place creator
(who automatically becomes the place manager) specifies whether a
place is public or restricted during place creation.
Short Message Service (SMS)
A service that is used to transmit text to and from a mobile
phone.
single sign-on (SSO)
An authentication process in which a user can access more
than one system or application by entering a single user ID and password.
site area
A component contained in a site framework as a way to group
similar content items. There can be several site areas within one
site framework.
site framework
A structure that consists of a single top-level intelligent
page or site area beneath which are stored other intelligent pages,
site areas, and content items. The hierarchical set of intelligent
pages and site areas define the navigational structure of the website.
site template
A pre-built sample site that can be used to streamline the
process of developing a custom portal.
SMS
source portlet
The portlet that sends the information to other portlets.
SSO
staging
The process of moving solution releases from development
to production.
stand-alone static page
A static page that renders the complete browser content.
static page
A portal page that references a static layout.
static layout
The layout of a page that is based on a plain HTML page
that may contain references to portlets.
subscribe
To register to access data published by another application
or system.
subscriber
The consumer of a business service.
Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI)
A set of standards-based specifications that enables companies
and applications to quickly and easily find and use web services over
the Internet. See also
Web service.
user group
A group consisting of one or more defined individual users,
identified by a single group name.
W
W3C
WAP
WAR
WAR file
Web archive (WAR)
A compressed file format, defined by the Java EE standard,
for storing all the resources required to install and run a web application
in a single file.
Web content library
A library that stores items required for displaying or creating
web content, such as workflow items, an authoring template, a presentation
template, site areas, and content items. Most systems have at least
two web content libraries, one for design items and one for web content.
Web crawler
A type of crawler that explores the web by retrieving a
web document and following the links within that document.
Web service
A self-contained, self-describing modular application that can be published, discovered,
and invoked over a network using standard network protocols. Typically, XML is used to tag the data,
SOAP is used to transfer the data, WSDL is used for describing the services available, and UDDI is
used for listing what services are available. See also
Web Services
Description Language.
Web service endpoint
An entity that is the destination for web service messages.
A web service endpoint has a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) address
and is described by a Web Service Definition Language (WSDL) port
element.
Web service interface
A group of operations described by the content of a Web
Service Definition Language (WSDL) 1.1 port element. These operations
can provide access to resource properties and metadata. (OASIS)
Web service semantics (WSDL-S)
A technical specification that defines a mechanism to associate
semantic annotations with web services that are described using Web
Service Description Language (WSDL).
Web Services Description Language (WSDL)
An XML-based specification for describing networked services
as a set of endpoints operating on messages containing either document-oriented
or procedure-oriented information. See also
Web
service.
Web Services Interoperability Organization (WSI)
An open industry organization that promotes web services
interoperability across platforms, operating systems, and programming
languages.
Web Services Policy Framework (WS-Policy)
A model and framework for describing the capabilities, requirements,
and general characteristics of a web service as a policy assertion
or a collection of policy assertions.
Web Services Resource Framework (WSRF)
The set of specifications that define the specific rendering
of a Web Services Resource (WS-Resource), the association of that
resource with the web service interface, and the messages that define
the querying and updating of the properties of that resource.
widget
A graphical interface that features two or more reusable
web applications (widgets) presenting seemingly disparate data in
an understandable combination for a specific purpose.
wire
To connect two or more components or cooperative portlets
so that they work together. In an application, wiring identifies target
services; for portlets changes in the source portlet automatically
update the target portlets.
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
An open industry standard for mobile Internet access that
allows mobile users with wireless devices to easily and instantly
access and interact with information and services.
Wireless Markup Language (WML)
A markup language based on XML that is used to present content
and user interfaces for wireless devices such as cellular phones,
pagers, and personal digital assistants.
workflow
The sequence of activities performed in accordance with
the business processes of an enterprise.
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
An international industry consortium set up to develop common
protocols to promote evolution and interoperability of the World Wide
Web.
WML
WSDL
WSDL-S
WSI
WSRF