Incremental

The incremental command backs up all new or changed data in the locations that you specify, unless you exclude them from backup services.

Mac OS X operating systemsWindows operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsYou can back up all new or changed files or directories in the default client domain or from file systems, directories, or files.

To incrementally back up selected files or directories, enter a file specification in the command. If you do not enter a file specification, the default is to back up files or directories in the default domain.

AIX operating systemsAIX® only: You can enable snapshot-based incremental backup by using the option snapshotproviderfs=JFS2.

The following attributes in the management class that is assigned to the file or directory affect whether the data is backed up:

Mac OS X operating systemsWindows operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsFrequency
Mac OS X operating systemsWindows operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsThe number of days that must elapse between successive backups of the object. The frequency attribute applies only to a full incremental backup.

Linux operating systemsAIX operating systemsThis management class attribute is ignored during a journal-based backup.

Windows operating systemsThis management class attribute is ignored during a journal-based backup.

Mode
Specifies whether changes since the last backup operation affect the processing. If mode=modified, only objects that changed since the last backup operation are processed. If mode=absolute, every object is processed, regardless of whether the object changed since the last backup operation.

If the copy group mode is set to modified, it can be overridden by using the client absolute option. For more information about the absolute option, see Absolute.

Serialization
Permits or denies backup of files or directories according to the following values:
  • static: To be backed up, data must not be modified during backup or archive.
  • shared static: If data in the file or directory changes during each of the allowed attempts to back up or archive it, it is not backed up or archived. The value of the changingretries option determines how many attempts are made. The default is 4.
  • dynamic: The object is backed up or archived on the first attempt whether or not data changes during the process.
  • shared dynamic: The object is backed up or archived on the last attempt, even if data changes during the process.

Using the include option in an include-exclude list, you can override the default management class for a file or group of files.

You can perform either a full incremental backup or an incremental-by-date backup. The default is a full incremental backup.

Windows operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsIf you are journaling a file system and the journal is valid, the full incremental backup performs a journal-based backup. More than one journal-based backup session can be started, but only one journal-based backup session can proceed. All other journal-based backup sessions that need access to the same file space must wait until the current journal-based backup session completes before the next session can proceed. You can perform a full incremental backup without the journal by using the nojournal option.

You can also use the selective command to perform a backup that backs up only the files, directories, or empty directories that you specify regardless of whether they were changed.

Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsA full incremental backs up all files and directories that are new or were changed since the last incremental backup. During a full incremental backup, the client queries the server. IBM Spectrum® Protect uses this information when it performs the following actions:

Windows operating systemsA full incremental backs up all files and directories that are new or were changed since the last incremental backup. During a full incremental backup, the client queries the server or the journal database. IBM Spectrum Protect uses this information when it performs the following actions:

  • Backing up new files or directories.
  • Backing up files or directories whose contents were changed since the previous backup.
  • Marking inactive backup versions on the server for files or directories that are deleted from the workstation.
  • Rebinding backup versions to management classes if the management class assignments change.
Mac OS X operating systemsWindows operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systems

Supported Clients

This command is valid for all clients.

Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systems

Syntax for UNIX and Linux®

Read syntax diagramSkip visual syntax diagramIncremental options filespec "filespec"
Windows operating systems

Syntax for Windows

Read syntax diagramSkip visual syntax diagramIncremental options filespec

Parameters

Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsfilespec
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsSpecifies the path and file name that you want to back up. Use wildcard characters to select a group of files or all the files in a directory. If you do not specify a file specification, the domain option determine what to back up.

If you specify a file system, all new and changed files are backed up. In addition, the last incremental date for the file space is updated on the server. If you specify a file or directory, the last incremental date is not updated. This means that the file or directory might be backed up again if a later backup is performed by using the incrbydate option. If you specify a file system, specify the file system without a trailing slash.

Windows operating systemsfilespec
Windows operating systemsSpecifies the path and file name that you want to back up. Use wildcards to select a group of files or all the files in a directory. You can specify as many file specifications as available resources or other operating system limits permit. Separate file specifications with a space. You can also use the filelist option to process a list of files. The backup-archive client opens the file that you specify with this option and processes the list of files within according to the specific command. If you do not specify a file specification, the domain option determines what to backup.

If you specify a file system, all new and changed files are backed up. In addition, the last incremental date for the file space is updated on the server. If you specify a file or directory, the last incremental date is not updated. This means that the file or directory might be backed up again if a later backup is performed by using the incrbydate option. If you specify a file system, specify the file system without a trailing slash.

Table 1. Incremental command: Related options
Option Where to use
absolute Command line only.
Windows operating systemsautofsrename Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) only.
Windows operating systemschangingretries Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemschangingretries Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsdsm.sys file or command line.
Windows operating systemscompressalways Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemscompressalways Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsClient user-options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Windows operating systemscompression Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemscompression Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsdsm.sys file within a server stanza or command line.
Windows operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsdetail Windows operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsCommand line only.
Windows operating systemsLinux operating systemsdiffsnapshot Windows operating systemsLinux operating systemsCommand line only.
dirsonly Command line only.
Windows operating systemsdomain Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsdomain Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsdsm.sys file or the client user-options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsencryptiontype Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsSystem-options file (dsm.sys) within a server stanza.
Windows operating systemsencryptiontype Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt).
Windows operating systemsencryptkey Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt).
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsencryptkey Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsSystem-options file (dsm.sys) within a server stanza.
filelist Command line only.
filesonly Command line only.
incrbydate Command line only.
Windows operating systemsmemoryefficientbackup Windows operating systemsClient user-options file (dsm.opt), server, or command line.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsmemoryefficientbackup Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsClient user-options file (dsm.opt), client system-options file (dsm.sys), server, or command line.
Windows operating systemsnojournal Windows operating systemsCommand line only.
Linux operating systemsAIX operating systemsnojournal Linux operating systemsAIX operating systemsCommand line only.
Windows operating systemspostsnapshotcmd Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or with include.fs option.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemspreservelastaccessdate Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsClient user-options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Windows operating systemspreservelastaccessdate Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Windows operating systemspresnapshotcmd Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or with include.fs option.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsremoveoperandlimit Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsCommand line only.
Windows operating systemsresetarchiveattribute Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt).
Windows operating systemsskipntpermissions Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Windows operating systemsskipntsecuritycrc Windows operating systemsClient options file dsm.opt) or command line.
Windows operating systemsLinux operating systemssnapdiff Windows operating systemsLinux operating systemsCommand line only.
Linux operating systemsAIX operating systemssnapshotcachesize Linux operating systemsAIX operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or with the include.fs option.
Windows operating systemsAIX operating systemssnapshotproviderfs Windows operating systemsAIX operating systemsSystem-options file (dsm.sys) within a server stanza or with the include.fs option.
Windows operating systemssnapshotproviderimage Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or with the include.image option.
snapshotroot Command line only.
Windows operating systemssubdir Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemssubdir Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsClient user-options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Windows operating systems

tapeprompt

Windows operating systemsClient options file (dsm.opt) or command line.
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemstapeprompt Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsClient user-options file (dsm.opt) or command line.

Examples

Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsTask
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsRun an incremental backup of the client domain that is specified in your client user-options file (dsm.opt).
Incremental
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsRun an incremental backup that backs up all files in the domain regardless of whether they were changed since the last backup.
Incremental -absolute
Windows operating systemsTask
Windows operating systemsRun an incremental backup of the default client domain that is specified in your client options file (dsm.opt).
Incremental
Windows operating systemsRun an incremental backup of the domain that is specified in your client user options file. Adding the -absolute option forces a backup of all files in the domain, even if they were not changed since the last incremental backup.
Incremental -absolute
Windows operating systemsTask
Windows operating systemsRun an incremental backup of the C, D, and E drives.
incremental c: d: e:
Windows operating systemsTask
Windows operating systemsRun an incremental backup of the \home\ngai directory and its contents on the current drive.
i \home\ngai\
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsTask
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsRun an incremental backup for the /home, /usr, and /proj file systems.
Incremental /home /usr /proj
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsTask
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsRun an incremental backup for the /proj/test directory.
Incremental /proj/test/
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsTask
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsRun an incremental-by-date backup for the /home file system.
Incremental -incrbydate /home
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsTask
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsRun an incremental backup of the abc file in the /fs/dir1 directory.
Incremental -subdir=yes /fs/dir1/abc
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsTask
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsRun an incremental backup of the directory object /fs/dir1, but not any of the files in the /fs/dir1 directory.
Incremental /fs/dir1
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsTask
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsRun an incremental backup of the directory object /fs/dir1, all of the files in the fs/dir1 directory, and all files and subdirectories under /fs/dir1.
Incremental -subdir=yes /fs/dir1/
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsTask
Mac OS X operating systemsOracle Solaris operating systemsLinux operating systemsAIX operating systemsAssuming that you initiated a snapshot of the /usr file system and mounted the snapshot as /snapshot/day1, run an incremental backup of all files and directories under the local snapshot and manage them on the IBM Spectrum Protect server under the file space name /usr.
dsmc inc /usr -snapshotroot=/snapshot/day1
Windows operating systemsTask
Windows operating systemsAssuming that you initiated a snapshot of the C drive and mounted the snapshot as \\florence\c$\snapshots\snapshot.0, run an incremental backup of all files and directories under the local snapshot and manage them on the IBM Spectrum Protect server under the C:\ drive file space name.
dsmc inc c: -snapshotroot=\\florence\c$\snapshots\snapshot.0
Linux operating systemsTask
Linux operating systemsRun an incremental backup for the /home file system by using the snapdiff option and specify the option to create the difference snapshot. In the following example, /home is the NFS mount point for a NAS/N-Series file server volume.
incremental /home -snapdiff -diffsnapshot=create
Windows operating systemsTask
Windows operating systemsRun a snapdiff incremental backup from a snapshot taken of a network share //homestore.example.com/vol1 mounted on drive H, where homestore.example.com is a file server.
incremental -snapdiff H:
Windows operating systemsTask
Windows operating systemsRun a snapdiff incremental backup from a snapshot taken of a network share //homestore.example.com/vol1 mounted on drive H, where homestore.example.com is a file server. The -diffsnapshot option value of LATEST means that the operation uses the latest snapshot (the active snapshot) for volume H.
incremental -snapdiff H: -diffsnapshot=LATEST